Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

A Novel Derivatization Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Dihydroartemisinin using p-Nitroaniline

Chinedum P Babalola¹ , Isaac Oluwalana¹, Olayinka A Kotila¹, Olajire A Adegoke¹, Yetunde T Kolade², Sunday J Ameh³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; ²Reckitt Benckiser UK Ltd, Wellcroft House, Wellcroft Road, Slough, Berkshire, SL1 4AQ, UK; ³Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), PMB 21, Garki, Idu Industrial Area, Abuja, Nigeria.

For correspondence:- Chinedum Babalola Email: peacebab2001@yahoo.com Tel:+2348055224989

Received: 17 January 2013 Accepted: 3 November 2013 Published: 25 January 2014

Citation: Babalola CP, Oluwalana I, Kotila OA, Adegoke OA, Kolade YT, Ameh SJ. A Novel Derivatization Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Dihydroartemisinin using p-Nitroaniline. Trop J Pharm Res 2014; 13(1):127-133 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i1.18

© 2014 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To develop a novel ultraviolet (UV)–spectrophotometric method for the determination of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in tablets using p-nitroaniline (PNA) as a derivatizing agent.

Methods: Derivatization was based on the reaction between methanol solutions of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and p-nitroaniline (PNA) in acid medium (1M HCI) at elevated temperature and for a short reaction time. Optimal detector response was obtained within 15 min when the reaction was carried out at 90 ⁰C in a molar ratio of 2:1 (DHA:PNA). The method used for analysis was validated and a linear calibration curve constructed in the range of 30 – 100 µg/mL for the reaction mixture at an absorbance of 290 nm.

Results: Separation of adduct from PNA was better achieved on reversed phase thin layer chromatography (TLC) using acetonitrile : water (60:50) or on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with retention times of 2.8 min for PNA and 5.8 min for the adduct. The limit of detection was 6 µg/mL. The method was precise and accurate in the range 100.70 - 100.96 %, with intraday and interday precisions of less than 2 % at concentrations of 40 and 80 µg/mL, respectively. The new method was applied to the assay of two brands of dihydroartemisinin tablets with accuracy similar to that of the International Pharmacopoeia (IP) UV-spectrophotometric method (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The derivatization method is simple, direct, devoid of dilutions and inexpensive in terms of reagent requirements and analyte volume, and has a shorter reaction time, cpmpared with IP method. Based on the foregoing, the method can be adopted as an alternative to the official assay method for routine quality control of dihydroartemisinin tablets.

Keywords: Derivatization, Ultraviolet spectrophotometry, Dihydroartemisinin, p-Nitroaniline, Analysis, Assay, Quality control